The Temne are one of the largest ethnic groups in Sierra Leone, primarily inhabiting the Northern Province and Western Area, with a population of over 2 million. Known for their agricultural expertise, political influence, and cultural traditions, the Temne have played a central role in Sierra Leone’s history and development.

Key Features of the Temne People

Agricultural Livelihood The Temne are skilled rice farmers, using both upland and swamp cultivation techniques. They also grow cassava, peanuts, and palm oil, forming the backbone of Sierra Leone’s rural economy. Their communal farming practices (mborka) reinforce social cohesion.

Political and Social Structure Traditionally organized into chiefdoms led by paramount chiefs and elders, Temne society values collective decision-making. Secret societies like Ragbenle (for men) and Bundu (for women) oversee initiations, education, and community governance.

Cultural Practices The Temne are known for masked performances (e.g., Sowei masks) and traditional dances (like the Kondi) during festivals and rituals. Their music, storytelling, and proverbs preserve oral history and moral teachings.

Religion and Beliefs While many Temne practice Islam or Christianity, traditional beliefs in ancestor spirits (krɪn) and a supreme being (Kuru Masaba) remain influential. Rituals like sacrifices and divination are performed to maintain harmony with the spiritual world.

Modern Influence The Temne have been pivotal in Sierra Leone’s politics and post-war recovery, with figures like President Ernest Bai Koroma. Urbanization and education blend with traditional values, though challenges like land disputes and economic inequality persist.

The Temne’s agricultural heritage, political resilience, and cultural vibrancy continue to shape Sierra Leone’s identity.